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No. 618,399. Patented l an. 3|, I899.

. H. DAVID. APPARATUS FOR MERCERIZING.

(Application filed June 7, 1898.1 (NuModeL) 3 Sheets8heet l.

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- H DAVID.

APPARATUS FOR MEBCEBIZING.

(Application filed June 7, 1898,\. U

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(No Model.)

I NvEN-ro v N0. 6|8,399. Patented Jan 3|,1899.

QH. DAVID.

APPARATUS FOR MEROERIZING. I (Application filed Jun e 7, 1898.! ("0Model.) v 3 ShB8l 8$hB 8f 3.

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NITED STATES PATENT APPARATUS FOR MERCERIZING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 618,399, dated January31, 1899.

Application filed June '7, 1893. Serial No. 682,824. (N0 model.)

To all whom, it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, HENRI DAVID, a citizen of the French Republic,residing at Paris, in the Department of the Seine, France, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Mercerizing Hanks of Yarn andThread, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Hanks and skeins of yarn and thread are mercerized in the stretchedcondition for the purpose of producing a silky or lustrous effect. Theoperation includes treatment with the mercerizing liquid and asubsequent washing or treatment to removeor neutralize the mercerizingliquid, the yarn being stretched until the operation is complete.According to my present invention I arrange that the fluids used in theoperation shall pass through the thickness of the yarn or threads byaspiration, as hereinafter described.

The hanks or skeins are arranged upon pairs of rollers, between whichthey are stretched, and they are kept in motion by means of gearingwhich drives one of the rollers. The wall of one of the rollers ispierced, and its interior communicates with a chamber or chambers inwhich a more or less complete vacuum can be produced. Above that rolleris a system of jets through which the mercerizing liquid, andsubsequently the washing or neutralizing fluid, can be supplied to thesurface of the yarn or thread upon the roller. The fluid is suckedthrough the material to be treated and then passes to thevacuum-chamber, whence it may be removed for reuse.

I will more particularly describe my said invention with reference tothe accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 indicates afront elevation,partly in section. Fig. 2 shows a side elevation, also partly insection; and Fig. 3, a plan view.

The more prominent parts of the machine constructed to carry out thisinvention are two frames A B, the upper one of which is supported andthe lower of which is guided by the four columns 0 G, fixed upon thebase D of the apparatus. The lower frame B may be moved vertically,so asto produce the necessary stretching and relaxation of the yarn orthread. This motion is obtained by carrying the frame B upon the upperend of a vertical screw E, mounted in the base D and rotated by gearingalso contained within the base. This gearing is driven from a shaft onwhich the pulleys F G H are mounted. H is aloose pulley. F is a fastpulley, and when the belt is on it the screw is rotated thereby to raisethe frame B, and G also is afast pulley which similarly serves to lowerthe frame. The construction of the necessary gearing is commonly usedfor other purposes and is well understood. The strap fork may bearranged so as to be brought into action when the frame B reachescertain points,which may be varied.

The lower rollers of each pair each consists of a plain metal shaft I I,mounted and runningfreely in the frame B. The upper rollers J J areprovided with end flangesc d and are formed upon a hollow'shaft runningupon the fixed shaft K K. The ends of this shaft are bored and fittedwith the inlet-pipes P P. The hollow roller-shafts are rotated by meansof worms and worm-wheels M N, the Worms N N being fixed upon the shaftupon which thepulleys O O are fixed. One of these pulleys is fast andthe other loose upon the shaft. The worms and worm-wheels are soconstrncted that in the case of two pairs of rollers the upper roller ofone pair is driven in an opposite direction to that of the similarroller of the next pair. Each of these rollers rotates in a directionover toward the next roller,as indicated by the angles of the worms,Fig. 1.

The treatment of the yarn or thread is effected upon the upper arcs ofthe upper rollers. For this purpose the walls of the rollers between theend flanges are pierced with a number of holes, which are preferablyarranged in quincunXes-that is to say, so that the holes in one circlealternate with the holes in the next circles, so that a moderately thinplane parallel with and cutting the axis of the shaft K will includesome of the holes. W'hen any of these holes arrive in the highest pointof the revolution of the roller, they come in line with a slot throughwhich they communicate with the bored ends g g in the shaft K K. Thecanals g g in turn communicate by means of the system of pipes P P withthe reservoir Q, in which a more or less complete vacuum is produced andmaintained by an ejector, pump, or other known means. The same canals gg also communicate through the pipe system P P with a secondvacuum'chamber Q, in which a vacuum can also be produced andmaintainerhas required, as in the chamber Q. Either system of pipes maybe putinto orout of coin municaticn with its respective chamber by thevalves Y Y. The mercerizing liquid is contained in a tank R and thewater or neutralizing liquid in the tank R, each of which communicateswith a horizontal pipe on which the series of jets s .s' is arranged andeither of which can have its communication opened or closed by thevalves X X. Below the jets s .9 there are scrapers U U, which arenormally nearly horizontal, with aslight down ward inclination towardthe rollers JJ, which they maytouch. Above the jets, each of which canbe controlled by a small cock, there is arranged a series ofcorresponding clearingrods h 72., held up, as shown, by spiral springs.In the event ofany jet becoming choked it may be cleared by depressingthe corresponding rod. The scrapers U U are each mounted upon a fulcrum7;, which also carries the counter-weighted lever V, adapted to hold thescrapers up and out of contact with its roller, as indicated to the leftof Fig. 1,when the banks are being removed or replaced. The hanks beingstretched upon their rollers and the apparatus being put in motion, thevalves X and Y on the mercerizin g system are opened and merceri zationtakes place. This being completed, the same valves are closed and thecorresponding valves of the washing or neutralizing system are opened.The stretching of the yarn or thread is maintained until the mercerizingliquid has-been removed or neutralized, as is well understood.

It will be seen that the liquid falling through the jets s 5 falls uponthe scrapers and descends upon the material upon the rollers, throughwhich it is sucked by the vacuum, more or less complete, in the chamberQ or Q.

Having now particularly described and ascertain ed the nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is- 1. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanksor skeins, the combination with a rotatable tubular perforated roller,of a stationary pipe fitting inside of said roller and having a slot,means for feeding liquid upon said roller, and means for producing avacuum in the pipe, substantially as described.

2. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, thecombination with a rotatable tubular roller having perforations arrangedin quincunxes, of a stationary pipe fitting inside of said roller andhaving alongitudinal slot in its upper side, means for feed ing liquidupon the top of the roller, and means for producing a vacuum in thepipe, substantially as described.

3. In apparatus fortreatin g yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, thecombination with a tubular perforated roller, of means for producing avacuum therein, a scraper having its edge adjacent to the roller, and aseries of jets for feeding liquid upon the scraper, subslantially asdescribed.

4. 1n apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, thecombination with a perforated roller and means for producing a vacuumtherein,of a hinged scraper havingits edge adjacent to said roller, acounterweighted lever connected with said scraper, and means for feedingliquid upon said scraper, substantially as described.

5. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, thecombination with means for supporting the material to be treated, of aseries of jets for feeding liquid upon said material, and aspring-retracted clearing-rod in each jet,substantia1ly as described.

6. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, thecombination with means for supporting the material to be treated, of aseries of jets for feeding liquid upon the material, two or more tanksconnected with said jets, and valves for controlling the flow of-liquidfrom said tanks, substantially as described.

7. In apparatus for treating yarn and thread in hanks or skeins, thecombination with perforated tubular rollers, of vac uum-chambers, pipesconnecting said chambers with said rollers, a movable frame carryingshafts running freely in the axial planes of the rollers,means foradjusting said frame toward and away from said rollers, a series of jetsfor feeding liquid upon the rollers, and tanks for supplying differentliquids at will to said jets, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I subscribe my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

HENRI DAVID.

Vitnesses:

HENRY DANZER, EDWARD P. MAOLEAN.

